The tuning method for the Cuatro is typical to that of any other musical stringed instrument. The Cuatro tuning is reentrant, similar to other instruments, like the Ukulele.
To start tuning the Cuatro, It is a matter of having a tone of reference (typically, a tuning fork is used with A). Once you have an A (440Hz) tone, you can use this tone to tune the first string of the Cuatro, the one closest to you, from the musician’s perspective.
What is the tuning of a Cuatro instrument?
Tuning the Cuatro follows a reentrant method, which makes it unique compared to other string instruments. The process is quite simple if you have a reference tone, such as a tuning fork or a digital tuner, typically set at 440Hz (A). The standard Cuatro tuning is A-D-F#-B. The last string, B, is tuned an octave lower than usual, giving the Cuatro its characteristic sound. Here’s how to tune each string:
- First String (A): Start by tuning the first string (closest to you) to A.
- Second String (D): Press the A string on the 5th fret to get a D note and tune your second string accordingly.
- Third String (F#): Press the D string on the 4th fret and tune the third string to match the F#.
- Fourth String (B): Use the A string on the 2nd fret to match the B note for the last string.
Tip: Using an electronic tuner can make the process easier, ensuring accurate pitch.
Still unsure? Watch this instructional video by Cuatrista Darwin Medina for a hands-on demonstration: ">How to Tune a Cuatro
We recommend you do the instrument tuning from the first string to the last; each string of the Cuatro needs to produce the following notes:
- 1st String: A
- 2nd String: D
- 3rd String: F#
- 4th String: B
Once you finish tuning the top string as an A note, then you can proceed to tune the second string. You can do so by pressing the A string on the 5th fret, which is a D note. The second string should be tuned to align with the D string.
The next step tuning the 3rd string, needs to sound like the 2nd string on the 4th fret. This is the famous F#. After that, the very final step is to tune the 4th string by using the 1st string on the 2nd fret being B.
If you’re just starting with tuning any stringed instrument, we invite you to see some images and references on how to position the fingers at the fretboard when tuning, so you can obtain each note.
The Tuning of a Cuatro Vs. Tuning of a Guitar
The tuning should sound like (a traditional reference) Cam-Bur-Pin-Ton. Very traditional and sounds just like a tuned Cuatro. As a result of the tuning, you might notice that unlike conventional instruments like a guitar, the thickness of the strings does not follow a descending pattern. The thinnest and highest string is the 3rd string being F# and the last string is essentially as low as the first one. Don’t worry, this is totally normal! This allows for the sounds to be in sync whether you are strumming upwards or downwards. Give it a try by strumming up and down and you will see what we mean!
Listen to a tuned cuatro and compare it with yours:
Tuning the Cuatro
Herewith also a demonstration and tuning session by Adrian Toro…for this one, please remember to turn on your Subtitles:
In conclusion, tuning a Cuatro is not the same as tuning a Guitar or a Ukulele. Tuning the Cuatro may feel challenging at first, but with practice, it becomes second nature. Remember, mastering the basics opens up endless possibilities for playing this traditional instrument, and proper tuning is the first step to sounding like a pro.er to have the Cuatro ready to be played.
