The ascending frenado—also called the upward palm mute strum—is one of the more challenging Cuatro techniques to master. Unlike the descending frenado, which follows the natural motion of your fingers and knuckles, the ascending version moves against that natural flow. This makes it easier to get “stuck” if your technique isn’t precise.
Mastering this upstroke mute is essential if you want your Cuatro playing to have the same punch, groove, and percussive flair found in Venezuelan rhythms like Aguinaldo or Merengue.
Why the Ascending Frenado Is Tricky
- Against natural movement – You’re moving your hand in a less instinctive direction.
- Contact point changes – You start with your thumb and finish with your knuckles stopping the strings.
- Greater risk of tension – Without proper relaxation, your hand can feel sore.
How to Play the Ascending Frenado
- Start Position
Hold your Cuatro in a comfortable playing position. Your strumming hand should hover just above the strings near the bridge. - Thumb Contact
Begin the upward motion by letting your thumb make contact with the lower strings (closest to the floor). - Hand Rotation
As you continue the upstroke, rotate your hand slightly. This turn will bring your knuckles into position. - Knuckle Stop
The knuckles of your other fingers (index, middle, ring) make contact with the strings, stopping their vibration instantly. This produces the sharp, percussive “tack” sound. - Relax & Reset
After the mute, relax your hand to prepare for the next strum—whether it’s an open chord, a descending frenado, or another upstroke mute.
That “tack” sound is part of the Cuatro’s magic—it’s why this instrument can act as both a string and a percussion instrument. In traditional Venezuelan music, the frenado often replaces the role of the maracas, letting one player create a full rhythm section alone.
Practice Tips
Alternate directions – Combine ascending and descending frenados for a fuller rhythmic palette.
Go slow first – Speed comes naturally after the motion is ingrained.
Use a metronome – Start at 60 BPM and gradually increase tempo.
Rest if sore – Just like developing calluses on your fretting fingers, this motion builds endurance over time.
