The descending frenado—also called the downward palm mute strum—is one of the most fundamental Cuatro techniques. You’ll hear it in nearly every Venezuelan rhythm, from Aguinaldo to Merengue Venezolano.
Mastering this muted downstroke will give your playing the percussive punch that makes the Cuatro unique—half string instrument, half rhythm section.
Why the Descending Frenado Is Easier Than the Ascending
- Natural motion – Your fingers and knuckles move downward in their natural range, making the motion smoother.
- Less friction – Gravity and hand anatomy work with you, unlike the upward frenado, where you work against them.
- Beginner-friendly – With a little practice, it becomes second nature and can be played at high speed without strain.
Step-by-Step: How to Play the Descending Frenado
- Hand Position
Hold your Cuatro as normal, with your strumming hand relaxed above the strings. - Start with the Middle Finger
The first point of contact should be the knuckle of your middle finger, quickly followed by the knuckle of your index finger. - Downward Motion with a Curve
Strum downward with a slight curve toward the palm of your hand. - Palm Buffer
Let the palm finish the motion, stopping the strings and muting the sound. - The “Tack” Sound
Aim for a short, percussive “tack” with minimal ringing. This sound is what makes the Cuatro double as a percussion instrument.
Common Beginner Notes
- At first, you may still hear ringing after the mute—don’t worry, this will fade as your technique improves.
- Avoid tensing your wrist; keep the movement loose to prevent fatigue.
- If you feel soreness, pause and rest—your hand will build endurance over time.
Video Demonstration
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Instructor Adriaan Moya explains and demonstrates the descending frenado in detail.
Practice Tips
- Start slow (60–70 BPM) and focus on producing a consistent, clean “tack.”
- Use the descending frenado in a simple 4/4 rhythm before adding it to faster patterns.
- Combine it with the ascending frenado for richer, more complex strumming.
